BSA Mini Quiz 1

1. The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 applies to:

All proceedings before every tribunal, arbitrator and Court.

All judicial proceedings in or before any Court, including Courts-martial, but not affidavits presented to any Court or officer and not proceedings before an arbitrator.

Only criminal proceedings.

Only proceedings before constitutional courts.

2. A is assaulted at 8:00 PM. At 8:05 PM, B, who witnessed the assault, runs to a nearby shop and immediately tells C, “A has just been attacked by X.” The statement is challenged as hearsay. Which provision most directly supports its relevancy?

Section 3

Section 4

Section 8

Section 26

3. A, B and C conspire to commit an offence. During the existence of the common design, A sends B an electronic message concerning the plan. The prosecution seeks to use the message against C. Which provision is most relevant?

Section 4

Section 6

Section 8

Section 23

4. A defendant admits in writing that a particular transaction occurred. He subsequently seeks to contest the legal consequences of that transaction. Which is the most accurate statement?

Every admission is conclusive proof against its maker.

No admission can ever be used against its maker.

An admission is generally not conclusive proof, though it may operate as an estoppel in appropriate circumstances.

An admission is relevant only in criminal proceedings.

5. A police officer records an accused's confession on a mobile phone. The accused later argues that the electronic recording itself makes the confession admissible. Which is correct?

Electronic recording automatically makes a confession to police admissible.

Section 23 continues to govern confessions to police officers; the electronic form of recording does not by itself remove the statutory bar.

Every confession recorded electronically is admissible.

Section 23 applies only to handwritten confessions.

6. An accused makes a confession to a police officer containing several statements. One portion distinctly relates to the discovery of a fact pursuant to information supplied by him. Which proposition is most accurate?

The entire confession becomes admissible.

Nothing in the statement can ever be proved.

The special statutory rule concerning information leading to discovery may permit proof of the legally admissible portion.

The confession automatically becomes a dying declaration.

7. A seriously injured person, believing death to be imminent, makes a coherent statement identifying the person who caused the injuries. The person survives for three weeks and subsequently dies. Which is the best answer?

The statement is automatically inadmissible because death did not immediately follow.

The statement can never be admissible unless recorded by a Magistrate.

Its relevancy is governed by Section 26; the fact that it was not recorded by a Magistrate is not by itself decisive.

It is admissible only if made in writing.

8. A company's regularly maintained electronic accounts contain an entry showing that X owes ₹10 lakh to the company. Which is most accurate?

The entry is automatically sufficient by itself to establish the debt.

The entry is irrelevant because electronic accounts are not books of account.

The entry may be relevant, but relevance does not necessarily mean that it is by itself sufficient proof of the liability.

It is conclusive proof of the debt.

9. In a prosecution for rape, the defence seeks to introduce evidence of the prosecutrix's previous sexual experience to establish consent. Under BSA:

Such evidence is always relevant.

Such evidence is expressly made irrelevant in the circumstances covered by Section 48.

Such evidence is mandatory where consent is disputed.

Such evidence is relevant whenever the accused requests it.

10. A forensic expert gives an opinion regarding a disputed scientific issue. Which statement is most accurate?

Expert opinion is conclusive proof.

Expert opinion is irrelevant unless the expert personally witnessed the occurrence.

Expert opinion is relevant under Section 39, while the grounds forming the opinion are separately relevant under Section 45.

Expert opinion is admissible only in civil cases.